3D PRINTING FILAMENT


3D printing filament is the thermoplastic feedstock for fused deposition modeling 3D printers. There are many types of filament available with different properties, requiring different temperatures to print.

the most common filament types are acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA). Most basic 3D printers are designed to exclusively use these filaments.

Fused- filament 3D printing (3DP) for fabrication of tablets
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The use of fused- filament 3D printing (FF 3DP) to fabricate individual tablets is demonstrated. The technology permits the manufacture of tablets containing drug doses tailored to individual patients, or to fabrication of tablets with specific drug-release profiles

Characterization of 3D filament dynamics in a MAST SOL flux tube geometry
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Non-linear simulations of filament propagation in a realistic MAST SOL flux tube geometry using the BOUT++ fluid modelling framework show an isolation of the dynamics of the filament in the divertor region from the midplane region due to three features of the magnetic

3D printing electronic components and circuits with conductive thermoplastic filament
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This work examines the use of dual-material fused filament fabrication for 3D printing electronic components and circuits with conductive thermoplastic filaments. The resistivity of traces printed from conductive thermoplastic filaments made with carbon-black, grapheneIn this paper we demonstrate a novel characterization technique for the observation of the conductive filament in conductive bridging memory devices (CBRAM). The conductive filament is observed for a scaled memory element programmed under 10μA operative Abstract 3D printing is a unique technology that potentially offers a high degree of freedom for the customization of practical products that incorporate electrical components, such as sensors in wearable applications. The availability of inexpensive, reliable, electrically

Tensile strength of commercial polymer materials for fused filament fabrication 3D printing
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Abstract 3D printing functional parts with known mechanical properties is challenging using variable open source 3D printers. This study investigates the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts using a commercial open-source 3D printer for a wide range of materials. The

Filamentlength-controlled elasticity in 3D fiber networks
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We present a model for disordered 3D fiber networks to study their linear and nonlinear elasticity. In contrast to previous 2D models, these 3D networks with binary crosslinks are underconstrained with respect to fiber stretching elasticity, suggesting that bending [HTML]

Simple and versatile 3D printed microfluidics using fused filament fabrication
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The uptake of microfluidics by the wider scientific community has been limited by the fabrication barrier created by the skills and equipment required for the production of traditional microfluidic devices. Here we present simple 3D printed microfluidic devices

Fused- filament 3D printing of drug products: microstructure analysis and drug release characteristics of PVA-based caplets
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Abstract Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3 Dimensional ( 3D ) printing is becoming an increasingly important technology in the pharmaceutical sciences, since it allows the manufacture of personalized oral dosage forms by deposition of thin layers of material. HereWhereas 3D printing of thermoplastics is highly advanced and can readily create complex geometries, 3D printing of metals is still challenging and limited. The origin of this asymmetry in technological maturity is the continuous softening of thermoplastics with temperature into The effect of wood content in 3D printing materials on the properties of 3D printed parts was investigated. Six filaments using polylactic acid (PLA) with varying loading levels of wood particles from 0% to 50% by weight were produced and used for 3D printing. The density of

Clean color: Improving multi‐ filament 3D prints
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Abstract Fused Filament Fabrication is an additive manufacturing process by which a 3D object is created from plastic filament . The filament is pushed through a hot nozzle where it melts. The nozzle deposits plastic layer after layer to create the final object. This process has

A low carbon footprint approach to the reconstitution of plastics into 3Dprinter filament for enhanced waste reduction
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In this study we aim to investigate recycling of waste plastics products into filaments for use in a typical FDM 3D printing system. We investigate the parameters relating to control of the filament thickness to a variety of different plastic types, which include HDPE and ABS

Development and application of wood flour-filled polylactic acid composite filament for 3D printing
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This paper presents the development of wood flour (WF)-filled polylactic acid (PLA) composite filaments for a fused deposition modeling (FDM) process with the aim of application to 3D printing. The composite filament consists of wood flour (5 wt%) in a PLA Polyolefin thermoplastics like high density polyethylene (HDPE) are the leaders in terms of world-scale plastics production, environmentally benign polymerization processes, recycling, and sustainability. However, additive manufacturing of HDPE by means of fused

3D magnetic configuration of the H filament and X-ray sigmoid in NOAA AR 8151
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We investigate the structure and relationship of an H filament and an X-ray sigmoid observed in active region NOAA 8151. We first examine the presence of such structures in the reconstructed 3D coronal magnetic field obtained from the non-constant- force-free field

Fused filament 3D printing of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs)
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This paper describes a new three-dimensional ( 3D ) fused filament additive manufacturing (AM) technique in which electroactive polymer filament material is used to build soft active 3D structures, layer by layer. Specifically, the unique actuation and sensing properties of ionic

3D microporous scaffolds manufactured via combination of fused filament fabrication and direct laser writing ablation
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A 3D printing fused filament fabrication (FFF) approach has been implemented for the creation of microstructures having an internal 3D microstructure geometry. These objects were produced without any sacrificial structures or additional support materials, just by [HTML]

Production and 3D printing processing of bio-based thermoplastic filament
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In this work, an extrusion-based 3D printing technique was employed for processing of biobased blends of Poly (Lactic Acid)(PLA) with low-cost kraft lignin. In Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing process, objects are built in a layer-by-layer fashion by melting The current research proposes a novel method for printing continuous carbon fiber composite parts. At first, continuous carbon fiber prepreg filament for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printing was manufactured, followed by modification of extruder head of 3D

3D printing factors important for the fabrication of polyvinylalcohol filamentbased tablets
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Abstract Three-dimensional ( 3D ) printers have been applied in many fields, including engineering and the medical sciences. In the pharmaceutical field, approval of the first 3D printed tablet by the US Food and Drug Administration in has attracted interest in the

Electrolysis activation of fused- filamentfabrication 3Dprinted electrodes for electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical analysis
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DM Wirth, MJ Sheaff, JV Waldman, MP Symcox Analytical ACS Publications Following the expiration of the patents on fused- filamentfabrication (FFF), the availability and uses of this 3Dprinting technology have exploded. Several recent reports describe how conductive composites can be used with FFF printers to generate 3Dprinted electrodes

Three-dimensional observation of the conductive filament in nanoscaled resistive memory devices
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In this Letter, we report for the first time on the three-dimensional ( 3D ) observation of the shape of the conductive filament . The observation of the filament is done in a nanoscale conductive-bridging device, which is programmed under real operative conditions

Airborne particle emission of a commercial 3D printer: the effect of filament material and printing temperature
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The knowledge of exposure to the airborne particle emitted from three‐dimensional ( 3D ) printing activities is becoming a crucial issue due to the relevant spreading of such devices in recent years. To this end, a low‐cost desktop 3D printer based on fused deposition

Magnesium filled polylactic acid (PLA) material for filament based 3D printing
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The main objective of this research is to prove the viability of obtaining magnesium (Mg) filled polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites as filament feedstock for material extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM). These materials can be used for medical applications, thus

Diels Alder reversible thermoset 3D printing: isotropic thermoset polymers via fused filament fabrication
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This study presents a new 3D printing process, the Diels Alder reversible thermoset (DART) process, and a first generation of printable DART resins, which exhibit thermoset properties at use temperatures, ultralow melt viscosity at print temperatures, smooth part surface finish

Suitability of recycled HDPE for 3D printing filament
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3D printing technology has been popular lately and the most used filament is ABS and PLA. There is a concern about how the filament should be made of recycled material, therefore this research was aimed to find recycled HDPE specification and extrusion parameters for

Roadmap to 3Dprinted oral pharmaceutical dosage forms: feedstock filament properties and characterization for fused deposition modeling
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Application of additive manufacturing techniques ( 3D printing) for mass-customized products has boomed in the recent years. In pharmaceutical industry and research, the interest has grown particularly with the future scenario of more personalized medicinal products

On investigation of rheological, mechanical and morphological characteristics of waste polymer-based feedstock filament for 3D printing applications
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In this study, a novel route for the preparation of feedstock filaments for fused deposition modelling from recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) waste polymers has been explored. For improving the properties of HDPE/LDPE

Enhanced mechanical properties of self-polymerized polydopamine-coated recycled PLA filament used in 3D printing
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Dopamine readily adsorbs onto almost all kinds of surfaces and develops cohesive strength through self-polymerization; hence, aqueous solutions of dopamine can be used as adhesives. These properties were used to prevent the degradation in the mechanicalA number of cardiac myopathies (eg familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy) are linked to mutations in cardiac muscle myosin filament proteins, including myosin and myosin binding protein C (MyBP-C). To understand the myopathies it The aim of the present work was to develop a pilot scale process to produce drug-loaded filaments for 3D printing of oral solid dose forms by fused filament fabrication (FFF). Using hot melt extrusion, a viable operating space and understanding of processing limits were

Effects of extrusion speed and printing speed on the 3D printing stability of extruded PEEK filament
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In fused deposition modeling (FDM) using polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), the dimensions of extruded filaments are unstable and there is insufficiency dimensional agreement between the fabricated part and design model. The present study presents the effects of the extrusion

Microwave metamaterials made by fused deposition 3D printing of a highly conductive copper-based filament
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This work reports a method for fabricating three-dimensional microwave metamaterials by fused deposition modeling 3D printing of a highly conductive polymer composite filament . The conductivity of such a filament is shown to be nearly equivalent to that of a perfect [HTML]

Stress, strain and deformation of poly-lactic acid filament deposited onto polyethylene terephthalate woven fabric through 3D printing process
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Although direct deposition of polymeric materials onto textiles through 3D printing is a great technique used more and more to develop smart textiles, one of the main challenges is to demonstrate equal or better mechanical resistance, durability and comfort than those of the

Fabrication and optimisation of a fused filament 3Dprinted microfluidic platform
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A 3Dprinted microfluidic device was designed and manufactured using a low cost ($2000) consumer grade fusion deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printer. FDM printers are not typically used, or are capable, of producing the fine detailed structures required for microfluidic Fused deposition modelling is an additive manufacturing technology that is widely employed to produce good quality products with complex geometries at a low cost and with efficient manufacturing and delivery logistics. The mechanical properties can be enhanced by

Semicrystalline non-isocyanate polyhydroxyurethanes as thermoplastics and thermoplastic elastomers and their use in 3D printing by fused filament fabrication
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Chemical fixation of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide with diepoxides followed by melt- phase polyaddition of the resulting difunctional cyclic carbonates with 12- diaminododecane (DDA) yields semicrystalline polyhydroxurethane (PHU) thermoplastics

Development of permanent magnet MnAlC/polymer composites and flexible filament for bonding and 3Dprinting technologies
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Searching for high-performance permanent magnets components with no limitation in shape and dimensions is highly desired to overcome the present design and manufacturing restrictions, which affect the efficiency of the final devices in energy, automotive andElectroluminescence (EL) is the property of a semiconductor material pertaining to emitting light in response to an electrical current or a strong electric field. The purpose of this paper is to develop a flexible and lightweight EL device. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was