cancer screening
Cancer screening aims to detect cancer before symptoms appear. This may involve blood tests, urine tests, DNA tests other tests, or medical imaging. The benefits of screening in terms of cancer prevention, early detection and subsequent treatment must be weighed against any harms
Lung cancer screening : the Mayo program
free download
The National Cancer Institute has sponsored three randomized controlled trials of screening for early lung cancer in large, high-risk populations to determine whether (1) lung cancer detection can be improved by adding sputum cytological screening every 4 months to chest
Breast cancer screening : a summary of the evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force
free download
Purpose: To synthesize new data on breast cancer screening for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Data Sources: MEDLINE; the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry; and reference lists of reviews, editorials, and original studies. Study Selection: Eight randomized
Prostate cancer : screening , diagnosis, and management
free download
Objective: To provide physicians with a review of diagnosis, screening , staging evaluation, treatment options, prognosis, psychosocial issues, economic considerations, and future research directions in the management of patients with all stages of prostate cancer . Data
Prostate cancer screening : what we know and what we need to know
free download
Objective: To critically evaluate the evidence for recommending the screening of asymptomatic men for prostate cancer with a blood test to detect a prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Data Sources: Relevant articles on screening for prostate cancer were identified from
Cost-effectiveness analyses of colorectal cancer screening : a systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
free download
Purpose: To perform a systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Data Sources: MEDLINE and the British National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, January 1993 through
The national study of breast cancer screening
free download
History of the Development of the
Evaluating test strategies for colorectal cancer screening : a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force
free download
Background: The US Preventive Services Task Force requested a decision analysis to inform their update of recommendations for colorectal cancer screening . Objective: To assess life-years gained and colonoscopy requirements for colorectal cancer screening
Systematic review: enhancing the use and quality of colorectal cancer screening
free download
Background: National guideline groups recommend screening and discussion of screening options for persons at average risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, emerging evidence suggests that CRC screening is simultaneously underused, overused, and
Colorectal cancer prevention 2000: screening recommendations of the American College of Gastroenterology
free download
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States (1). Physicians and lay persons are becoming increasingly aware that most colorectal cancers and most deaths from colorectal cancer are preventable through screening . Screening is the
Screening for breast cancer : US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement
free download
Methods: The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the following: effectiveness of breast cancer screening in reducing breast cancer specific and all-cause mortality, as well as the incidence of advanced breast cancer and treatment-related morbidity; harms of breast
Ovarian cancer screening
free download
Ovarian cancer remains not only the commonest but also the most lethal gynaecological malignancy in the UK (Table 3.1 ). Despite advances in molecular biology, surgery and chemotherapy, ovarian cancer remains a difficult condition to manage and long-term
Cancer screening by primary care physicians
free download
Background. Physicians perform cancer screening tests less often than recommended. Methods. Forty primary care physicians were sur veyed to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and experi ences regarding cancer and cancer screening , and pa tients medical records
Cost-effectiveness of digital mammography breast cancer screening
free download
Background: The DMIST (Digital Mammography Imaging Screening Trial) reported improved breast cancer detection with digital mammography compared with film mammography in selected population subgroups, but it did not assess the economic value of digital relative to
Colon cancer screening practices after genetic counseling and testing for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
free download
Purpose Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is the most common hereditary form of colon cancer . Cancer screening recommendations differ between individuals identified to carry an HNPCC mutation and those who do not carry a known
Cost effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening in the elderly
free download
Objective: To assess the cost effectiveness of a periodic program of colorectal cancer screening in the elderly. Design: A model was constructed of four strategies for the periodic screening of persons 65 to 85 years of age. The effect of each strategy on life expectancy
Cost effectiveness of cervical cancer screening for the elderly
free download
Objective: To analyze the costs and benefits of alternate cervical cancer screening schedules among elderly women. Setting: Population-based screening programs. Design: A Markov model predicts the outcomes of periodic screening , diagnosis, and treatment for cervi- cal cancer
Screening for prostate cancer –the controversy that refuses to die
free download
In the United States, most men over the age of 50 years have had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, 1 despite the absence of evidence from large, randomized trials of a net benefit. Moreover, about 95% of male urologists and 78% of primary care physicians who are 50
Cervical cancer : screening and prevention
free download
Cancer of the cervix is the second most common life-threatening cancer among women worldwide and both incidence and mortality rates are likely to be underestimated in developing countries. HPV high risk strains play at least the major if not an absolutely
Colorectal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs among veterans: does literacy make a difference
free download
Purpose To evaluate whether lower literacy is associated with poorer knowledge and more negative attitudes and beliefs toward colorectal cancer screening among veterans without recent colorectal cancer screening . Patients and Methods Three hundred seventy-seven male veterans, age 50
Benefits and harms of computed tomography lung cancer screening strategies: a comparative modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force
free download
Background: The optimum screening policy for lung cancer is unknown. Objective: To identify efficient computed tomography (CT) screening scenarios in which relatively more lung cancer deaths are averted for fewer CT screening examinations. Design: Comparative