Video Conferencing Technologies-overview


Video conferencing combines the audio and video media to provide both voice communications and television pictures. The images may be graphics, objects, people, room views virtually anything that can be captured by a television camera. Some video conferencing systems are fully interactive with two-way video and audio. Others provide one-way video accompanied by two-way audio; this type of video conferencing is commonly referred to today as business television.

To be included in the area of teleconferencing, video systems should be interactive; that is, they should allow a two-way flow of information between a minimum of two groups or three individuals at separate locations.

The major advantage of video teleconferencing technology, in comparison to audio or audio graphics, is that it enables people to see others at remote locations as if they were in the same room. For many users, this ability creates a social presence that resembles face-to-face meetings. It also enables participants to see the expressions and physical demeanor of participants, a quality that may be needed for certain situations.

Video conferencing systems can be divided into three basic types:

• Compressed video

Uses a telephone data circuit (1.5 or 3 megabits) Rapid movements may be blurred or jerky (Although this is changing as improvements in codecs are introduced) Transmitted instantly Usually in color • Business television Uses wide-band, analog transmission via satellite Full, continuous motion Uses a separate audio link to provide two-way interaction Transmitted instantly Usually in color • Full-motion video Uses a wide-band transmission channel Full, continuous motion Transmitted instantly Usually in color The technology of video conferencing has progressed through improvements in equipment and transmission services.

Further, the costs for video conferencingequipment and transmission ; have dropped dramatically in the past 18 months, and market trends seem to indicate even more decreases in the future.

This Chapter examines current technologies for video conferencing full-motion video, business television and compressed video. It discusses the equipment, transmission, networks and application considerations that should be made before undertaking video conferencing.

More details

Video conferencing Using Raspberry Pi



Implementation of a low cost video wall using Raspberry Pi devices
free download
MASTER THESIS TITLE: Implementation of a Low Cost Video Wall using Raspberry Pi devices MASTER DEGREE: Master of Science in Telecommunication Engineering Management

IMPLEMENTATION OF CLASSROOM ATTENDANCE SYSTEM BASED ON FACE RECOGNITION IN CLASS.
free download
Viola Jones algorithm, PCA, LDA, Image processing, Raspberry pi  It also has several applications in areas such as content-based image retrieval, video coding, video conferencing, crowd surveillance, and intelligent human–computer interfaces. 

Real-time Transmission of Voice over 802.11 Wireless Networks Using Raspberry Pi
free download
802.11 WLAN has become the prevailing technology supporting many real-time multimedia applications like Voice over Internet Protocol and video conferencing.  features such as feeding recorded audio directly into a remote computer in real-time from the Raspberry Pi [1]. The 

DIAPLASIS: Development Of An Online School-Family Collaboration Platform For Intervention With At-Risk Students
free download
 BigBlueButton was integrated to offer synchronous video conferencing capabilities  Such solutions exist (Raspberry Pi, Android TV) that cost less than 50 euros and are capable of running a graphic user interface and basic applications such as web brows- ers, office applications 

Multi-Core Processors and Systems: State-of-the-Art and Study of Performance Increase
free download
 multiple data) processors, multiple operating systems can be run simultaneously and advanced multimedia applications such as video conferencing and video-on  Execution of this parallel program was performed on 3 nodes/core Raspberry Pi cluster as shown in Figure 15. 

INDEPENDENT PROJECT BASED LEARNING: APPLYING KNOWLEDGE BY CREATING A LOW-COST SUPERCOMPUTER.
free download
data. Under the current hardware setup the Cisco switch can support up to 24 connections simultaneously to individual Raspberry Pi computers.  meet. In total there were about 25 hours of video conferencing spread across 25 weeks. 

MirandaNet Fellowship submission to the Department for Education ICT curriculum consultation
free download
 Raspberry Pi RECENT HISTORY IN ICT CONSULTATION  As technologies improve, more collaboration on new knowledge construction is possible as we demonstrate in our MirandaMods[18] using Web 2 combining video conferencing, micro--blogging, and 

New Trends in Service Robotics
free download
as a multimedia dynamic information point and offer tele-assistance via video- conferencing.  Fig. 19 Arduino prototyping board (left) and Raspberry Pi microcomputer (right) New Trends in Service Robotics 71 Page 16. board. 

Multiple Synchronized Video Streams on IP Network
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Figure 17: Result Diagram from Polling with One Raspberry Pi..20 Figure 18: Last Three Ethernet Frames of One IP Datagram..20 Figure 19: Result Diagram from Polling with Several Raspberry Pis 

H. 264 Decoding Performance on a DSP Architecture
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C Saysset users.abo.fi  Consequently after experiments on the Raspberry Pi we try to run the program on the board without any OS.  For example, on video conferencing ap- plication an useful slice division of a frame is two slice creating a checkerboard pattern. 

A $35 Firewall for the Developing World
free download


Better Learning through Technology
free download
At the same time, others discussed instances that decouple these elements, including, for example, game-based learning;possible uses of the Raspberry Pi for learning;exploratory learning in digital spaces, freed in time (online, 24/7) and space (mobile);creative, enquiry 

Real-time Video Mixer
free download
 Real-time feature demands focusing on performance and minimizing delays, specially for video-conferencing, so the process needs to be optimized in terms of stream compression, decompression and scaling, the main bottlenecks. 

Power monitoring using the Raspberry Pi
free download
Abstract The Raspberry Pi is a credit card size low powered compute board with Ethernet connection, HDMI video output, audio, full Linux operating system run from an SD card, and more, all for $45. With cables, SD card, etc., the cost is about $70. Originally designed to 

Building a Security System Using a Raspberry Pi
free download
ABSTRACT Linux hobbyists and computer programmers have become infatuated with the new Raspberry Pi and the versatility of uses the device has. A security system was created with the use of a Raspberry Pi to demonstrate that the device can act as an efficient and 

Access Control of Door and Home Security by Raspberry Pi Through Internet
free download
ABSTRACT In the present age Internet of things (IOT) has enterned a golden era of rapid growth. The Internet of things is a concept that aims to extend the benefits of the regular Internet constant connectivity, remote control ability, data sharing, and so on to goods 

WSN for Traffic Monitoring using Raspberry Pi Board
free download
ABSTRACT This paper introduces low-cost non-intrusive sensory that can collect traffic data based on Raspberry Pi single board computer. Image information acquired by Raspberry Pi HD camera module is analyzed for moving objects presence. After evaluation of detected 

Implementation of a low cost video wall using Raspberry Pi devices
free download
MASTER THESIS TITLE: Implementation of a Low Cost Video Wall using Raspberry Pi devices MASTER DEGREE: Master of Science in Telecommunication Engineering Management  Overview Keywords: Video Wall, Raspberry Pi, H.264, Streaming Description: 

IMPLEMENTATION OF CLASSROOM ATTENDANCE SYSTEM BASED ON FACE RECOGNITION IN CLASS.
free download
Viola Jones algorithm, PCA, LDA, Image processing, Raspberry pi  It also has several applications in areas such as content-based image retrieval, video coding, video conferencing, crowd surveillance, and intelligent human–computer interfaces. 

Real-time Transmission of Voice over 802.11 Wireless Networks Using Raspberry Pi
free download
802.11 WLAN has become the prevailing technology supporting many real-time multimedia applications like Voice over Internet Protocol and video conferencing.  features such as feeding recorded audio directly into a remote computer in real-time from the Raspberry Pi [1]. The 

DIAPLASIS: Development Of An Online School-Family Collaboration Platform For Intervention With At-Risk Students
free download
K Alexandros ceur-ws.org  BigBlueButton was integrated to offer synchronous video conferencing capabilities  Such solutions exist (Raspberry Pi, Android TV) that cost less than 50 euros and are capable of running a graphic user interface and basic applications such as web brows- ers, office applications 

Multi-Core Processors and Systems: State-of-the-Art and Study of Performance Increase
free download
 multiple data) processors, multiple operating systems can be run simultaneously and advanced multimedia applications such as video conferencing and video-on  Execution of this parallel program was performed on 3 nodes/core Raspberry Pi cluster [15] as shown in Figure 15. 

INDEPENDENT PROJECT BASED LEARNING: APPLYING KNOWLEDGE BY CREATING A LOW-COST SUPERCOMPUTER.
free download
data. Under the current hardware setup the Cisco switch can support up to 24 connections simultaneously to individual Raspberry Pi computers.  meet. In total there were about 25 hours of video conferencing spread across 25 weeks. 

MirandaNet Fellowship submission to the Department for Education ICT curriculum consultation
free download
 Raspberry Pi RECENT HISTORY IN ICT CONSULTATION  As technologies improve, more collaboration on new knowledge construction is possible as we demonstrate in our MirandaMods[18] using Web 2 combining video conferencing, micro--blogging, and 

New Trends in Service Robotics
free download
as a multimedia dynamic information point and offer tele-assistance via video- conferencing.  Fig. 19 Arduino prototyping board (left) and Raspberry Pi microcomputer (right) New Trends in Service Robotics 71 Page 16. board. 

Multiple Synchronized Video Streams on IP Network
free download
Figure 17: Result Diagram from Polling with One Raspberry Pi..20 Figure 18: Last Three Ethernet Frames of One IP Datagram..20 Figure 19: Result Diagram from Polling with Several Raspberry Pis 

H. 264 Decoding Performance on a DSP Architecture
free download
C Saysset users.abo.fi  Consequently after experiments on the Raspberry Pi we try to run the program on the board without any OS.  For example, on video conferencing ap- plication an useful slice division of a frame is two slice creating a checkerboard pattern. 

A $35 Firewall for the Developing World
free download


Better Learning through Technology
free download
At the same time, others discussed instances that decouple these elements, including, for example, game-based learning;possible uses of the Raspberry Pi for learning;exploratory learning in digital spaces, freed in time (online, 24/7) and space (mobile);creative, enquiry 

Real-time Video Mixer
free download
 Real-time feature demands focusing on performance and minimizing delays, specially for video-conferencing, so the process needs to be optimized in terms of stream compression, decompression and scaling, the main bottlenecks.  *

Power monitoring using the Raspberry Pi
free download
Abstract The Raspberry Pi is a credit card size low powered compute board with Ethernet connection, HDMI video output, audio, full Linux operating system run from an SD card, and more, all for $45. With cables, SD card, etc., the cost is about $70. Originally designed to 

Building a Security System Using a Raspberry Pi
free download
ABSTRACT Linux hobbyists and computer programmers have become infatuated with the new Raspberry Pi and the versatility of uses the device has. A security system was created with the use of a Raspberry Pi to demonstrate that the device can act as an efficient and 

Access Control of Door and Home Security by Raspberry Pi Through Internet
free download
ABSTRACT In the present age Internet of things (IOT) has enterned a golden era of rapid growth. The Internet of things is a concept that aims to extend the benefits of the regular Internet constant connectivity, remote control ability, data sharing, and so on to goods 

WSN for Traffic Monitoring using Raspberry Pi Board
free download
J Kapitulk, M Jurecka fedcsis.org ABSTRACT This paper introduces low-cost non-intrusive sensory that can collect traffic data based on Raspberry Pi single board computer. Image information acquired by Raspberry Pi HD camera module is analyzed for moving objects presence. After evaluation of detected 

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