ACCIDENT DETECTION AND ALERTING SYSTEM

Afreen Fathima1,Samreen Jameel2, Pathan Ahmed khan3

1,2 UG Scholar,Dept. of CSE,ISL Engineering College, Hyderabad.
3Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, ISL Engineering College, Hyderabad

Abstract
The usage of auto mobiles has improved linearly over the past decade, which increased in the risk of human life. This is because due to the insufficient emergency facilities .In this paper we are using an alarm system which helps in improving the emergency system of the accident system. This system detects the accident occurrence and the coordinated of the accident are messaged to the rescue team .A switching system is used switch off in case there are no causality. The Accident is detected with the help of MEMS Sensor and Vibration Sensor. The Angle in which the car has rolled off is indicated through a message. This Application helps in providing feasible solution to the poor emergency facilitates.

Definition of an Embedded System

An embedded system is a microprocessor-based computer hardware system with software that is designed to perform a dedicated function, either as an independent system or as a part of a large system. At the core is an integrated circuit designed to carry out computation for real-time operations.
Complexities range from a single microcontroller to a suite of processors with connected peripherals and networks; from no user interface to complex graphical user interfaces. The complexity of an embedded system varies significantly depending on the task for which it is designed.

Overview of an Embedded System Architecture

Every Embedded system consists of a custom-built hardware built around a central processing unit. This hardware also contains memory chips onto which the software is loaded.

The operating system runs above the hardware and the application software runs above the operating system. The same architecture is applicable to any computer including desktop computer. However these are significant differences. It is not compulsory to have an operating system in every embedded system. For small applications such as remote control units, air conditioners, toys etc.

The usage of automobiles has improved linearly over the past decade, which increased in the risk of human life. This is because due to the insufficient emergency facilities .In this paper we are using a alarm system which helps in improving the emergency system of the accident system.This system detects the accident to occurrence and the co-ordinated of the accident are messaged to the rescue team. As witching system is used switch off in case there are no causality. The Accident is detected with the help of MEMS Sensor and Vibration Sensor. The Angle in which the car has rolled off is indicated through a message. This Application helps in providing feasible solution to the poor emergency facilitates.

In present days the rate of accidents can be increased rapidly. Due to employment the usage of vehicles like cars, bikes can be increased, because of this reason the accidents can be happened due to over speed. People are going under risk because of their over speed, due to unavailability of advanced techniques, the rate of accidents can’t be decreased. To reduce the accident rate in the country this paper introduces a optimum solution. Automatic alert system for vehicle accidents is introduced; the main objective is to control the accidents by sending a message to the registered mobile using wireless communications techniques. When an accident occurs at a city, the message is sent to the registered mobile through GSM module in less time. Arduino is the heart of the system which helps in transferring the message to different devices in the system. Vibration sensor will be activated when the accident occurs and the information is transferred to the registered number through GSM module. GPS system will help in finding the location of the accident spot. The proposed system will check whether an accident has occurred and notifies to nearest medical centres and registered mobile numbers about the place of accident using GSM and GPS modules. The location can be sent through tracking system to cover the geographical coordinates over the area. The accident can be detected by a vibration sensor which is used as major module in the system.
The high demand of vehicles has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents. Life of the people is under high risk. This is because of the lack of best emergency facilities available in our country.Anautomaticalertsystemforvehicleaccidentsisintroducedinthispaper.Theproposedsystem which can detect accidents in significantly less time and sends the basic information to first aid centre.

within a few seconds covering geographical coordinates, the time and angle in which a vehicle accident had occurred. This alert message is sent to the central emergency dispatch server in a short time so that the emergency dispatch server will inform to the ambulances which are near to that location, which will helpinsavingthevaluablelives.ASwitchisalsoprovidedinordertoterminatethesendingofamessage inrarecasewherethereisnocasualty,thiscansavetheprecioustimeoftheambulance.Whentheaccident occurs the alert message is sent automatically to the central emergency dispatch server. The message is sentthroughtheGSMmoduleandthelocationoftheaccidentisdetectedwiththehelpoftheGPSmodule. The accident can be detected precisely with the help of vibration sensor. This application provides the optimum solution to poor emergency facilities provided to the roads accidents in the most feasibleway.
Statistics show that the leading cause of death by injury is road traffic accidents. A survey report by World Health Organization highlights that every year more than 30,000 people in Pakistan are died due to road traffic accidents [1]. There are number of causes for which an accident can occur, some of them are; lack of training institutes, use of mobile phone while driving, unskilled drivers, driving while intoxicated, bad road condition, overloading, and poor traffic management[2].However, most of the time ithasbeenobservedthatthedeathsoccuredintheroadaccidentareduetothelatearrivaloftheambulance to the accident spot. Although in most cases the injury is not severe and we could save the affected lives, however, due to late arrival of the rescue team, the injuries turn fatal. In this survey paper, we briefly review selected road accident detection techniques and propose a solution. In these techniques, a system is used that can automatically detect an accident in appreciably less amount of time and sends the basic informationabouttheaccidenttotheemergencycentre.Thesetechniquesusesmartphone,GSM and GPS, VANET and mobile applications. In smart phone-based accident detection, the Internet services provided byacellularnetworkoperatorareusedtosendtheinformationincaseofroadaccident.Thegeographical location of the accident spot is identified by the GPS system. In GSM and GPS based accident detection system; GSM cellular technology is used to send the data in case of road accident. The location of the accident spot is identified by the GPS system. In VANET-based accident detection system, in case of an accident, information to the emergency department is sent using the VANET-an ad-hoc network between moving vehicles. The location of the accident spot is identified by the GPS system. In mobile
based accident detection system, when an accident occurs, a mobile application, e CALL for example, detects the accident automatically and makes a call to the emergency services using mobile network operator. Table I shows the features and limitations of above described accident detection methods. We propose a solution to road accident detection problem with two ultrasonic sensors attached to embedded system. One sensor is placed at the front side of the car and another is at the back. When an accident happens, respective ultrasonic sensor detects it and sends this information to emergency service.

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